Ministry

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Ministry is an American industrial metal band formed in Chicago in 1981 by Al Jourgensen. The group began as a synth pop project and later became one of the early contributors to industrial rock and industrial metal during the late 1980s. Ministry has undergone frequent lineup changes, with Jourgensen remaining the only consistent member. Contributors to the band’s studio or live work have included Nivek Ogre, Chris Connelly, Gibby Haynes, Burton C. Bell, Jello Biafra, Mike Scaccia, Tommy Victor, Cesar Soto, Paul Barker, Paul Raven, Jason Christopher, Tony Campos, Paul D Amour, Jimmy DeGrasso, Bill Rieflin, Martin Atkins, Rey Washam, Max Brody, Joey Jordison, Roy Mayorga, Aaron Rossi, John Bechdel, DJ Swamp and Arabian Prince. The band achieved commercial success in the late 1980s and early 1990s with the albums "The Land of Rape and Honey" (1988), "The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste" (1989) and "Psalm 69" (1992). The first two received gold certifications while "Psalm 69" was certi